American Revolution Essay Example

American Revolution Essay Fearing the French gaining the per hand, the British not only tried to bribe the Iroquois to their side with goods, but also at tempted to create an international confederation, which they hoped would unify the colonies a ND provide a systematic and mutual defense system. As the Seven Yeas War began in America, one of the first British offensives w as an attack on Fort Duquesne by General Edward Bradford and his 2,200 men in 1 755. However, a coalition of French and Indian forces assaulted the British force, and after he ivy losses and the death of Bradford, the British forces retreated. With the retreat, Franchised Indians began attacking the borders Of the colonies, effectively halting both the war effort as well as expansion for three years. The French and Indians took both Fort Owes and Fort William m Henry, and with these gains, they now held a much better position over the British, both n Europe and America. However, the tides turned when the Iroquois began to fear that the French were getting too powerful, and they resigned from fighting, which also caused many of the other Indian tribes to stop and/ or switch sides. Also, William Pit became the leader of the military sect of the British cabinet. Pit rallied the colonists into fighting through offering to pay of r the war debt, which generated over 40,000 new soldiers. With fresh, new soldiers, the tide o f the battle turned, as the British took back their lost lands, and after driving the French out of the e colonies they captured Montreal in 1759. Don 2 These defeats forced the French to negotiate terms for land distribution in No Roth America. However, the French did try to launch a recapture, which failed miserably. We will write a custom essay sample on American Revolution specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on American Revolution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on American Revolution specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Aft rewards, the British and French agreed that France was to give up all of the land east of the Mississippi to Britain. It was not only France and Britain in the talks, however, as Spain was also involved. A series of trades then began. Spain would take all lands west Of Louisiana from the French, and would give Britain control of Florida in exchange for Cuba. At the end of it all, both Britain and Spain had massive land holdings, and the French only had tiny spots of territory rye in the Caribbean and islands in North America. French subjects, who did not support their new British rulers, were forced out, and most of them went to Louisiana, and became Cajuns. 2. Imperial Revenues and Reorganization, 17601766 In the aftermath of the Seven Years War, the British sought a way to strength en and pay for their now much larger empire. The British government passed Acts, such a s the Stamp Act, to generate money. However, the colonists did not like these newfound taxes, and protested, sometimes violently. Throughout the war, there were tensions between British and Colonial troops , with each feeling that the other was somehow in the wrong. The British felt that the cool nail troops were unrecognized and ungrateful, and the Colonial troops felt the British were stuck k up. The British ere also angry that the colonists were free from paying the debts of the war, as the debt in England skyrocketed. However, because colonists were spending so much on British goods, the price of which had risen during wartime, they also fell into debt. With this cam e much suspicion of Britain purposely putting the colonists into this situation. These were not the e only tensions that arose after the war. Many Natives, fearing that the British would take their Ian d and enslave them, attacked British forts and raised an antibiotics sentiment. Pontiac Rebel lion, as it was now, was ultimately a failure, as the the British crushed them with help fro m smallpox and other factors. King George also proclaimed that all of the land west of the App Alsatians was now under royal rule, and that the Indians could either give them up to the British or leave. However, this Proclamation of 1763 angered the colonists in that it felt that the royal c rowan had suddenly taken all of their claims to the west, instead of giving them back to the colonies s. Finally, with this uprising came the governments decision to station 1 0,000 British troops n the new lands. This would cost a heavy amount of money, and Parliament wanted the colonic SST to help pay. This, combined with the colonists idea of the standing army in their lands, g eve way to more tensions between the colonists and the British government. To stop illegal trade with foreign nations, the British government allowed fort heir authorities in the colonies to apply a writ of assistance which allowed for the seizing of illegal goods (basically a search warrant). However, many colonists considered this d comment Don 3 unconstitutional as it did not require any evidence or suspicion, which mean t that anybody, at NY time, could be searched. Smugglers in Boston quickly reacted to this act, and appointed James Otis to argue against it. Otis argued that it was indeed unconstitutional, and thus that made the act void. However, Parliament ruled against Otis, and he lost the case. No nonetheless, this case brought forth a very important point; that the government had no power to in fringe the rights off man under the Constitution. The Sugar Act was passed in 1764 as another way to help raise money for the expenses of the war. The Sugar Act presented a tax on all molasses and sugar entering t he colonies from the West Indies. However, with the Navigation Acts already in play, the colonic TTS still decided to import the cheap molasses from the French. Even though Parliament knew the is, they did not immediately take action. The Sugar Act was also very complicated in its ways. First of all, it basically stated that any good that went through Britain first could then be shih peed to other countries, which effectively voided the Navigation Acts. Parliament saw this as beneficial to Britain, as they believed it would bring in more trading out of British ports rat her than say French ports. Also, because there were newfound requirements, such as a m altitude of papers and forms that a captain had to fill out, many ships could be searched due to a technical error, not necessarily for the captain doing anything wrong. Because the Sugar Act was enforced so heavily, many ships were searched. In the end, Parliament lowered the tax to I sees than a penny, which helped to deter some smugglers. The impact of the Stamp Act was that many colonists were now aware of the growing number of policies and bills pushed onto the m by Parliament. Although the Sugar Act did raise some revenue, Britain was still in massive De bet. So, to try to relieve more debt they passed the Stamp Act in 1765. The Stamp Act WA s an act that required any colonists who wanted to create or sign a document (newspaper, licenses, buying land etc. ) to buy a stamped paper. The Stamp Act immediately had a much liar egger impact on the colonists as compared to the Sugar Act, as it applied to almost all of the colonic SST, instead of just merchants and traders. William Pit argued that Parliament couldnt tax British h subjects who did not have representation in Parliament. George Greenville, the British Prime Mi mister, agreed, but also stated that they had Virtual representation in Parliament, and thus cool d be taxed. Colonists agreed that this act infringed on their political autonomy. Obviously Parliament and the colonists had different ideas about the sloganeering of the colonies. Note heelless, the Stamp Act caused much backlash within the colonies. Many colonists had similar opinions on the Stamp Act. The majority of colonic TTS were upset by the tax itself, and the trivial idea of Virtual representation. Patrick H energy, a lawyer out of Virginia, sparked more support against this act. Henry requested that the Vi ragging House of Burgesses to deny parliaments taxation Of the colonies through a series Of w ell worded resolutions. Henry drafted some of these resolutions, and passed them to Par lineament, but he did Don 4 not have much success. Parliament was unimpressed and somewhat offended d by Henrys strong language towards them. However, to the everyday man not involved in politic s, Henrys resolutions sounded very strong. In Boston, where common people were in a poor situation, these resolutions brought forth a revolutionary fire. Many of the citizens of Boo stone had seen dramatic decrease in profits and overall wealth, due to numerous factors. So me of these factors were taxes, like the Navigation and Sugar Acts, as well as the loss of industry t other colonies. Bostonians heavily, and sometimes violently, resisted the Stamp Act. Through out the colonies, groups of men, known as the Sons of Liberty formed to help foster more pr tests, although they did keep the protests from getting too violent. In 1765 some colonial rep restoratives met at the Stamp Act Congress, to discuss the authority of Parliament over the colonic sees. They agreed that Parliament did lack authority to tax the colonies. As riots continued, royal agents as well as stamp distributors were rejecting to do their jobs. Colonial elites, fearing a ever y violent outcome, ride to restore businesses and local trade to how it was. Many colonists tried to force the Stamp Act to be repealed, as was seen in New York, where merchants decided to not buy any British goods. These boycotts and riots caused panic in Britain. In Parliament, the prime minister was reluctant to repeal the law because so many of the British elites were furious at the colonists refusal. Parliament attempted to s WAP out the Stamp Act for a Declaratory Act, which stated that Parliament could in fact legislate f or the colonies. In Parliaments eyes, this was an affirmation of their power over the colonies. Ho waver, the colonists interpreted this Declaratory Act as that similar to Ireland, where the y could be exempt of taxes. However, Parliament argued that it should not be taken so literally. I n the end, most colonists were simply happier at the repellent of the Stamp Act than the pa sing of the Declaratory Act. In the wake of the chaos caused by the Stamp Act, many colonists began to q question the authority of Parliament. Because of the common mans involvement in govern meet affairs during the Stamp Act, many of these common people began to actually pay at attention to the government. The writings of En lightened thinkers, such as John Locke, and the ideas in his writings, became more common and widespread throughout the colonies. A g roof called the opposition sits arose, who questioned the motives of Parliament, and argued t hat they did not adequately embody the ideals of government. The combination of Enlighten meet ideas as well as the hatred of the British helped to spread antibiotics feelings around the cool nines. Samuel Adams combined the ideas of republicanism with religion, which bolstered his following. Puritan Church leaders cried for God and liberty which further boosted the message f revolution. With almost every colonist surrounded by these constant ideas about the Tara any of the British, it was hard not to be sucked into the revolutionary feel. Don 5 3. Resistance Resumes, 17661770 As the resistance to the Stamp Act died down after its repeal, more problems were instigated by other acts. For example, the Quartering Act required the colonies s to pay for housing and goods for soldiers. Because the colonial assemblies had agreed that only they could create unreasoning ventures, this act furthered the idea of Britains tyranny, as Bruit main was forcing another act upon the colonies. New York in particular boycotted this act, but P reliant was swift to pass the New York Suspending Act, which said that New York would n to be able to pass laws. Although New York did come to terms with the Quartering Act, it shows d that British officials were becoming much more stern in how they would enforce these AC TTS. Britains problems with taxes and debt posed problems for the colonies too. B cause Britain still wanted to raise more money to soothe their debt, they tried once more to take advantage of the colonies demands. Parliament passed the Revenue Act in 17 67 which taxed the imported goods to the colonies. Earlier, the colonists were more concerned a bout direct internal taxes, but had not stated much regarding import taxes. The colonists saw this Act as similar to the Stamp Act in that it acted simply as a way to increase prices to get more m none. However, the main point of the Revenue Act was a way to pay for royal officials in the co Monies, so that they would be exempt of the colonial assemblies power. This would then tip t he balance of power from the colonial assemblies to the relationships officials. At first, the colonists had little resistance to this act, until John Dickinson wrote e a number f points saying why it was unjust. He stated that it was unjust to tax something nag simply to make revenue. Following Dickinson writings, James Otis urged the Massachusetts c nuncio to oppose the Revenue Act. The resolutions were drafted by Samuel Adams, and stated t hat taxation without representation was unjust and that there was a threat to sloganeer once by the independence of royal officials. This was then passed to the Virginia assembly , which also agreed to the points. However, a new British official, Lord Hillsboro, was a appointed to get the assemblies to destroy the letter. This backfired, as many of the other cool sees assemblies took up the letter as a sign of protest against Hillsboro. To get Parliament to repeal the Revenue Act, Bostonians once again boycotted, this time against importation. As this non importation agreement? spread, more and more people backed the repeal NT of the Revenue Act. The Sons of Liberty also resumed in their efforts. Ultimately the boycott o f imports pushed colonists to resist more and more British policies. Merchants and traders in Britain were very upset with the American boycotts, as around 40 percent of their exports to America were effectively nullified. Now that Poe pale in England ere affected, a movement against the policies Of King George arose, and was led by John Don 6 Wilkes. Wilkes wrote his newspaper which shamed and defaced King Georges policies, and multiple warrants went out for his arrest. Wilkes fled England, but when he re turned, he ran for Parliament. After a series of escapes from the King, Wilkes was elected to Partial amend but then arrested. People in America, after hearing what he did, raised money to pay f or his debts. He became famous in America for his defense of liberty. As the colonists upheld their policy of non importation, white women and thee r role in society began to change. Because the number of white women in churches o outnumbered the men, the Church was a great area for women to gather spread ideas. Women also s purported their husbands in their endeavors, such as boycotting drinking tea. Women enforce d the boycotts of the colonists within their own households, which helped the spread of these ideas. When the colonists began to boycott English clothing, women took charge to make their own clothing, with one example being that they organized spinning bees. It was evident that the us port of women behind men really bolstered the feeling of resistance within the colonies. Apart from the Revenue Acts, the British Parliament also sought to further Neff Orca the Navigation Acts. Parliament passed an act that allowed for more customs office ills along the docks, and these officials, along with informers, were given quite a bit of pop err over the merchants. Because these port officials could simply search and seize any s hip, many merchants, who were trying to boycott English goods, found it hard to smuggle e any foreign goods in. Merchants looked down upon these informers and commissioners, as they received heavy fines if they were caught smuggling. In Boston, merchants rebelled gaga SST these commissioners after John Hammocks ship was searched. 4. The Deepening crisis, 17701774 Hammocks backlash against the Acts provoked a worse response from Britain. Later on, Britain sent 4,000 troops to occupy Boston, and the citizens frowned at their a arrival. Bostonians now did not feel independent, rather like prisoners of war. Soldiers looked do win upon the citizens, and vice versa. Tensions grew between the two sides, and at one poi NT a child was shot by a customs informer. This escalated tensions to the point of the Boston Mass sacred, where Crisps Attacks led a group to protest at the customs office. Attacks and four other people died after the guards fired upon the crowd. Afterwards, the guards who had killed the citizens only received a slight punishment. The colonists began fabricating ideas that the the e British government would begin to suppress their freedom through brute force. With a change Of prime ministers, Britain tried to ease tensions with the colon sits a bit more. The new prime minister, Lord North, offered to repeal most of the Tow unshed Acts, but Don 7 would keep the tea tax. The colonists, however, still boycotted the tea. Partial meet decided to pep the tax on tea despite the continual resistance of the colonies. To try to fund the paychecks Of the relationships ambassadors, parliament t decided to fund them through the money made off customs. The colonists knew that have ins independent governors was not beneficial for their own internal governments, which is who y they created committees of correspondence which exchanged information regarding cool animal rights with one another.

The Problem of PACs essays

The Problem of PACs essays Over the past thirty years interest groups in America have gained more influence upon government officials and candidates for government office. Interest groups are organizations of people with similar policy goals who enter the political process to achieve those aims. Interest groups have had a significant impact upon elections for many years and, since the invention of political action committees in 1974, PACs have increasingly donated more money to candidates in attempt to achieve their political goals. Interest groups can range from groups that support a womans right to abortion to a group of businessmen that want to ensure no more government regulations are imposed on them. Interest groups can have both positive and negative impacts on the American political system. A hot topic in recent years has been the influence of Political Action Committees or PACs, which are specific special interest groups that raise and give money in order to have their policies shown in government. These PACs represent groups of people that have professional interests such as farmers, lawyers and doctors that want to express their support of candidates through political contributions. Corporate PACs represent the interests of the stockholders and employees with common political interests. PAC campaign contributions on congressional votes in recent years are distorting the democratic process and corrupting our political system in favor of those who can raise the most money. The influence of corporate PACs on Congress has especially lead to corporate welfare and has cost taxpayers billions of dollars in recent years. For instance, Congress failed to regulate tobacco and cigarette advertising due to the $30 million dollars worth of PAC contributions from tobacco c ompanies over the 90s until it recently passed restrictions on such advertising. Also the timber industry preva ...

All Peptide Hormones after Cell Function by Phosphorylation, while Essay

All Peptide Hormones after Cell Function by Phosphorylation, while Steroid Act by Alerting Gene Expression - Essay Example For instance, endocrine signaling involves the secretion of specific hormonal signals in the blood stream which are then distributed to other parts of the body. The first messenger molecule cannot pass through the target cell membrane, but instead are bound by specific receptors. Intracellular communication takes place when receptors activate secondary messengers or signaling proteins which convey those signals through chemical reaction to the nucleus of the cell (Marks, 2008). Proteins are the key signal processors in a cell. The incredible structural flexibility and chemical reactivity offers characteristic signal transduction property i.e., signals movement inside from outside of the cell, to all proteins. The input signals allow conformational changes in the structure altering the specific protein functions and cellular activity. Proteins capable of binding to a phosphate molecule are called phospho-proteins, and play a central role in the signaling pathway regulating various cel lular processes. Protein phosphorylation or phosphoregulation is a reversible process which regulates the protein function by covalent modification. To switch between phosphorylized and dephosphorylized states, specific kinase (tyrosine, serine/threonine) and phosphatase enzymes act respectively. Phosphorylation may either increase or decrease activity depending on specific type of enzyme. The affinity towards interacting cohort protein, enzymatic action, and subcellular localization and other functional changes are altered by protein phosphorylation (Goto, Kiyono and Inagaki, 2007). As a signaling molecule, proteins have a receiver and a transmitter module. In order to recognize and decode a specific signal, the receiver requires prior information for that signal which has to be either obtained or is genetically fixed. To coordinate signal and its exact implication, differentiation occurs exclusively in the receptor cells or target proteins. For instance, adrenaline hormonal signal has different meanings for different target tissues or target proteins control various functional consequences of phosphorylation. The intercellular signaling molecules including peptides, amino acids, amines and proteins cannot enter cell membrane and thus interact with receptors on the surface. The output signal transduction in receptor proteins results in a conformational alterations which are then differentiated by other signal transducing proteins along the pathway such as G-proteins. The chemical interactions taking place as a result of signal reception are not definite sequences, but rather diffused and complex excitation patterns (King, 2012). The hormones secreted by endocrine tissues get attached to particular plasma carrier proteins and composites are then distributed to distant parts. The receptors in the responding tissues have very high affinity for hormones and regulate metabolism of target through a coupled process. The receptors for amino acid and peptide hormones are mostly present on the cell membrane. Signal transducing receptors are classified into receptors with ability to enter cell membrane such as tyrosine kinases, tyrosine phosphatases and serine/threonine kinases, serpentine receptors which are coupled such as adrenergic and odorant receptors, and nuclear or intracellular receptors such as steroid

Should High School Students Attend a 2 year Community College then Research Paper

Should High School Students Attend a 2 year Community College then Transfer to a University, or go Straight to a 4 year Universi - Research Paper Example The four years University programs however are taken after enrolling for a specialized degree in an accredited institution. These universities may or may not be privately funded; however the expenses are definitely higher than the two years community college programs. As a general perception, students who are highly competitive and belong to high income groups are directly enrolled for these four years programs and once they get done with their degrees they get highly paid corporate jobs. This is the reason why the capitalist system strongly supports the university programs as the rigorous educational environment equips the individuals to compete for the highly competitive jobs. Community College programs were initiated from the beginning of the 19th century, while the enrollment rate was considerably low at that time. The scope of these community colleges at that time was limited as the students registered for these programs were strictly enrolled to study arts and humanities subjec ts. The Great Depression that hit U.S in the 1930`s owed much to the enhancement in the enrollment rate of students in these community colleges. Now the scope was widened as the students were now being trained to compete for job positions to reverse the effect of the economic depression. The 1960`s saw the most drastic explosion in the cultivation of community colleges and by the 1980`s about 4.3 million American students had been enrolled in these community colleges. Talking about the new century, about 1,076 community colleges had already been produced and the number has only been increasing ever since (Kasper, 2003). This ever increasing boom in these community colleges is an effort to make college education available to all Americans, irrespective of their ethnicities or backgrounds. These community colleges also aim to support international students in their struggle to pursue quality education (Chow, 2007). Thus, community college is a convenient alternative to the University education which is too expensive to be acquired by a common man. University education has become more of a privilege as those who belong to the lower income groups have to face a lot of hardships to get into a reputed university; the state funded universities are no exception to this rule. Let us suppose for a moment here that community colleges cease to persist, and all we`re left with are university degrees. In such a case, it is crucially important to analyze the future of those 29% prospective students with an annual income lower than $20,000 who attend a community college as a pre-requisite to a four years university program. Also, 35% of the students attending community college are those who have other dependents relying on their income, in the presumed scenario the future of these prospective students would be at stake. These community colleges are aiming at making an effort to bring higher education at the doorsteps of all kinds of people. The international students have to pay an even higher amount to get enrolled for these university programs, thus if they get enrolled for a two years community college program, they can save a lot of money which they can later utilize to get admitted to universities where they can complete the rest of the two years and thus compete for the relevant market positions. Community colleges

Is Hofstede's cross cultural work outdated ( international human Essay

Is Hofstede's cross cultural work outdated ( international human resources ) - Essay Example In Hofstede’s view, nations have separate cultures which an international business has to adapt to, in order to successfully conduct its business in a particular nation. Hofstede’s five dimensions of culture are defined in terms of power distance, uncertainty avoidance, masculinity, individualism and long-term orientation. Although Hofstede’s theory of cross cultural dimensions has been subjected to criticisms, his cross cultural dimensions had been of practical applications in the international commerce. However, ever since the advent of globalisation, nations have stopped being watertight compartments with the Hofstede’s cultural dimensions attributable to individual nations in varying degrees having become outdated. It is proposed to place herein evidence based arguments to show that Hofstede’s cultural dimensions for the purpose of international commerce have become irrelevant or outdated in the wake of globalisation. Hofstede attempted to explain that cultures are shaped within nations. But when businesses transcends beyond national boundaries, these cultural dimensions become cultural interconnections. Now globalisation has become the order of the day and irreversible. Cultural attributes are likened to an iceberg in that only very few are visible to the eye. They are language, behaviours, customs, and norms. And traditions, beliefs, priorities, assumptions and values are only perceptible (Parker, 2005 p189). As already well known, Hofstede (1980) arrived at the above said dimensions based on his study of 88,000 employees of IBM from 72 countries. He expanded his study to ten more countries and three regions in his updated version (Hofstede, 2001).At the time of Hofstede’s original work in 1980, the world was not as complicated a place as it is today. In the last three decades, nations have become more permeable and heterogeneous besides undergoing disintegration or dismantlement like Soviet

Impacts on Morphology of Porous Polymethacrylate Adsorbent

Impacts on Morphology of Porous Polymethacrylate Adsorbent Study of the effect of external heating and internal temperature build-up during polymerization on the morphology of porous polymethacrylate adsorbent Chan Yi Wei, Clarence M. Ongkudon, Tamar Kansil Abstract. Modern day synthesis protocols of methacrylate monolithic polymer adsorbent are based on existing polymerization schemes without an in-depth understanding of the dynamics of pore structure and formation. This has resulted in ineffectiveness of polymer adsorbent thereby affecting final product recovery and purity, retention time, productivity and process economics. The problems magnified in monolith scaling-up where internal heat buildup resulting from external heating and high exothermic polymerization reaction was reflected in cracking of the adsorbent. We believe that through careful and precise control of the polymerization kinetics and parameters, it is possible to prepare macroporous methacrylate monolithic adsorbents with controlled pore structures despite being carried out in an unstirred mould. This research involved the study of the effect of scaling-up on pore morphology of monolith, in other words, porous polymethacrylate adsorbents that were prepared via bulk fr ee radical polymerization process by imaging the porous morphology of polymethacrylate with scanning electron microscope. INTRODUCTION Monolithic supports are novel developing technology with high potential, more so than conventional particulate supports. A lot of researches and developments have been conducted in the past decade to utilize monolithic supports as the stationary phase in chromatographic separation due to its scalable feasibilities and better hydrodynamics. The reason lies within the presence of interconnected macro pores in monolithic sorbents that allow convective transport mechanism instead of diffusion that features as the only mean of transport mechanism for particulate support. The monolith hydrodynamic property is predominated by convective transport mechanism, an important feature of a chromatography of larger molecules that are unable to penetrate into the internal structure of particulate support [1]. Monolithic support also features lower pressure drop that varies with different pore structure orientations [2, 3]. Such feature allows for higher mobile phase flow rates to be applied which co uld enhance the separation efficiency. Despite the low absolute surface area, the increase in flow rate actually more than makes up for the lost capacity for larger molecules due to smaller specific surface area. The comparison of physical characteristics between monolithic supports and particulate supports extend much further than pore size alone [4]. Monolith is constructed in an unstirred mould that features significant lack of interfacial tension between an aqueous and an organic phase thus leading to large interconnected flow-through channels. In contrast, bead polymers prepared from identical polymerization mixtures but in a suspension polymerization process do not exhibit the same type of macroporous structure with large flow-through channels [5]. Unstirred mould also results in poorer heat transfer, thus leading to formation of temperature gradient across the monolith sorbent with nuclei forming at different rates and porous channel forming at different sizes [6]. This inherent issue magnifies during monolith scaling-up with obvious cracks observed during polymerization process. The key to achieving controlled macroporous structure is dependent on gaining control over the process kinetics within the unstirred mould (e.g. temperature of reaction) [7]. This work involved the use of scanning electron microscope to visualize the morphology of porous methacrylate monolithic polymer under different porogen concentrations (50%, 60% and 70%) and different scales (2ml and 150ml) which provided a better insight on the effect of scaling-up on pore morphology. MATERIALS AND METHOD The monolith was prepared via free radical co-polymerization of cross-linker EDMA and GMA as functional monomers. EDMA/GMA mixture was combined with an alcohol-based porogen solvent in the proportion of 35/15/50(GMA/EDMA/cyclohexanol) making a solution with a total volume of 160ml. AIBN (1% weight with respect to monomer) was added to initiate the polymerization reaction. The polymer mixture was sonicated for 20 minutes. The mixture of 2ml and 150ml were gently transferred into conical 0.8 cm Ãâ€" 4 cm polypropylene column (BIORAD) and 5.0 cm x 10 cm Econo column (BIORAD) respectively sealed at the bottom end. The top end was sealed with a parafilm sheet and placed in a water bath for 3 h at 60oC. Same method was repeated for 21/9/70 and 28/12/60 (GMA/EDMA/cyclohexanol) mixture. For conical 0.8 cm x 4 cm polypropylene column, the polymer resin was washed with 400ml methanol at room temperature to remove all porogens and other soluble matters. The polymer was then washed with 200ml d eionized water at room temperature to remove trapped air bubbles. Slightly different washing method for econo 5.0 cm x 10 cm, the polymer resin was extracted and placed in 1.0 L beaker filled with 600ml of methanol followed by placing it inside incubator shaker overnight under 140 rpm and 37oC. The next day, methanol was replaced with 600ml of deionised water under same incubation condition for 4 hours. For analysis of monolith morphology, the monolith was oven dried at 70à ¢- ¦C overnight and scanning electron microscopy was done at 15 kV using high resolution scanning electron microscope (Hitachi S-3400N, Japan) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION As can be observed from Fig. 1, both small scale and large scale porous polymethacrylate sorbents featured the increment of globules and pores size as the concentration of porogen was increased while monomer and cross-linked agent decreased. This phenomenon was due to the fact that an increase in the EDMA concentration led to the formation of more cross-linked nuclei and magnified by the presence of more functional monomer GMA consequently limiting their swelling which resulted in the concentration of the monomers in the swollen gel nuclei becoming lower than that in the solution. Hence, the chances of newly formed nuclei adsorbed by the macro pre-formed globules by coalescence of nuclei in abundance decreased greatly. The decline in local concentration of monomer decreased the size of the globules and thus contributing to the overall decrease in the pore size. External heating and exothermic heat buildup associated with the construction of polymethacrylate sorbent also play a role in the pore formation. The rate of initiator decomposition and free radicals formation rely heavily on temperature. The rate of radicals formation declines significantly at lower temperature than at higher temperature which results in lesser number of nuclei formed per unit time. This allows the coalescence of many nuclei that result in formation of larger preglobules and larger pore size as well as delayed formation of monolith. The same is true for pore formation at higher temperature. High level of exothermic free radical copolymerization reaction and external heating contribute greatly to immense heat buildup within the polymerization mixture. Reaction that takes place in an unstirred mould could contribute to exothermic heat buildup to a certain degree. Hence, the relative differences in the rate of radicals formation, nuclei and pore sizes can be deduced by observing the results in Fig. 2. The effect of heat buildup was profoundly increased in 150ml volume, in which cracking occurred and the monolith was considered unreliable. It was presumed that the exothermic heat build-up led to pressure build-up which eventually forced the monolith structure to break apart. FIGURE 1. Effect of both cross-linking agent and monomer concentration in the polymerization mixture on the surface morphology of methacrylate monolith. Polymerizations were carried out with a constant monomer ratio (EDMA/GMA) of 30/70; porogen concentrations of 50%, 60% and 70%; polymerization temperature of 60 à ¢- ¦C; AIBN concentration of 1% (w/w) of monomers. The SEM pictures show increased pores size with increased concentration of porogen in the polymerized feedstock. Microscopic analysis was performed at 15 kV. FIGURE 2. The effect of exothermic heat associated with the construction of large scale (150ml) polymethacrylate monolithic column on the surface morphology of methacrylate monolith. Polymerizations were carried out with a constant monomer ratio (EDMA/GMA) of 30/70; porogen concentrations of 70%; polymerization temperature of 60 à ¢- ¦C; AIBN concentration of 1% (w/w) of monomers. The SEM pictures show heterogenous globules and pores size distribution due to instant heat buildup generated from external heating and high exothermic reaction associated with the construction of polymethacrylate monolith. Microscopic analysis was performed at 15 kV. CONCLUSION There were not many differences when we compared the polymethacrylate adsorbents of both small scale and large scale monolith from 50%, 60% and 70% porogen content in terms of globules and pore sizes (Fig. 1). However, the effect of exothermic heat buildup was evident (data not shown) in large-scale monolith and without a doubt contributed to heterogeneous pore size distribution across the adsorbent compared to small scale monolith as evident from Fig. 2. Thus, further analysis is required in characterizing the pore size from different sections of the adsorbent in order to obtain a conclusive summary of the effect of scaling-up on the pore size distribution. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We would like to thank UMS (University Malaysia Sabah) Research Priority Grant for funding this project that is essential in establishing the foundation for next step forward on the scaling up of monolithic adsorbent.

An After Thought of Short Stories

Was he trying to tell us something that we already knew but were to blind to see? Well when I read the quote I immediately thought of two short stories After the Sirens by Hugh Hood, and Here There Be Tygers by Ray Bradbury. When reading these two pieces of material one can easily decipher that there is no validity to conflicts that end in death because then no one wins. In both of these stories the authors have depicted their philosophy on chaos and disaster even though it was not said in those exact words. Therefore, because the two stories have no relation there is a contrast in the message being sent to us. This specific quote by Jefferson creates a mood for the readers to kind of set the setting for the whole idea of disaster. When using settings the authors are very careful to include certain details that will help the reader to picture in there mind what exactly is taking place. Hugh Hood did a very good job at this when he wrote the short story After the Sirens. This particular story took place at 4:45 in the morning, in North America somewhere close to New York City. Hood set several moods throughout the story such as frustration, panic, confusion and hysteria to allow the reader to feel what the characters felt. In Here There Be Tygers Ray Bradbury set the time frame to a futuristic point of view on Planet 7 of star system 84. In this particular short story Bradbury describes the planet in great detail giving the reader a feel for the great beauty of the wonderland referred to as a planet. One of the characters decides that he wants to use the planet to his benefit and then get the hell out of there, but as he soon finds out things do not exactly go as he plans. Therefore one can tell that the setting is one of the most important characteristics of a story of any kind. A character is a person involved in a play, story, etc used to create personality. In After the Sirens the father of the family was made the main character and was portrayed as a hero like figure. He knows exactly what to do and how to handle the situation. He stays calm in order to save his family from any major damage. Another of the main characters was the wife. She was the exact opposite of the husband in the fact that she was totally hysterical. She added to the panic and allowed the reader to feel what she was feeling. Other characters in the story included the baby who did not really play a significant role in the whole idea, and the news broadcaster. The news broadcaster was also filled with a huge amount of hysteria and panic and set the whole mood for the reader. In the story Here There Be Tygers the main character was an uncaring, selfish man named Chatterton. He was more concerned of what he could get from the planet than the good the planet could do for him. Some of the changes that occurred with this character include the major fact that he dies due to his rude and careless behavior that caused the planet to take action and kill him. Other characters that had some what of a significant role include; Driscoll, the man who stayed on the planet after he took a great liking to it, then there was Captain Forester the leader of the whole expedition, and lastly Koestler who was basically just a follower along for the work and not really noticed a great deal. Theme is the whole topic or idea that the author chooses to illustrate to the reader. The message that Hugh Hood while writing After the Sirens was sending to his reader was basically that war is pointless, no one wins and no one looses and the innocent bystanders are always the ones to get caught in the middle. Some specific quotes that Hood included in the reading were: Over in half an hour, and nobody won, as well as How many died asked the father. Everybody in the area, almost no exceptions. Youre a statistic now, thats what you are.. Lastly Hood said that They were the seventh, eighth, and ninth living persons to be brought there after the sirens.. Ray Bradburys main message that he was trying to send in Here There Be Tygers was that we should respect planets even if they dont belong to us. There is no point to destroying it because soon enough there wont be anything left to destroy and then where does that leave you Some particular Quotes used were I have to much respect for other worlds to treat them the way you want to as well as the idea suggested by Forester the perhaps the planet was a woman waiting for visitors for millions of years. Preparing herself, making herself beautiful, and putting on her best face. When Chatterton treated her badly, she warned him a few times, and then when he tried to ruin her beauty she eliminated him. In conclusion one can see that the whole idea that was sent by each author was not said exactly in the words most were looking for but described through the theme to send out a message to each reader. Simply by pointing out certain topics such as setting, character and theme to help get the point across can prove the contrast between stories. Basically the events that occurred throughout each story most certainly have become clearer pointing out the setting and how it changes and the moods it sends to the reader. As well the character area points out the protagonist and how he/she changes and some of the other significant characters. Lastly, the theme part of the idea explains more clearly the authors purpose and certain quotes, ideas and messages that he wrote to help the reader to understand it better. In conclusion one can see that it helps a reader to understand short storys, novels etc when such topics as setting, character and theme can be clearly stated.

Lord of the Flies Antrhopology

Thomas Hobbes was one of the most controversial philosophers of all time. He argued that the, â€Å"Life of man [is] solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and short† (Hobbes 77). Clearly he didn’t think that humanity was a good group of beings. In the Lord of the Flies by William Golding, one character, Jack Merridew, displays many characteristics of Hobbes’ philosophy on man. Time after time, Golding subtly refers to Hobbes’ philosophy through Jack and his reactions with other characters in the book. After Golding introduces the boys, they want to elect a chief, and already, Golding is using Hobbes’ anthropology.In Hobbes’ Leviathan, he states, â€Å"And therefore, if any two men desire the same thing which nevertheless they cannot both enjoy, they become enemies† (Hobbes 76). The two main contenders for the chief position are Ralph and Jack. Jack fervently believes that he should be chief, and he says, â€Å"’I ought to be chief,â €™ said Jack with simple arrogance, ’because I’m chapter chorister and head boy. I can sing C sharp’† (Golding 15). Fortunately, Ralph is elected chief, and Jack is disappointed. This simple election creates the dispute between the two boys for the whole book.Ralph and Jack cannot share the position, and both cannot enjoy it, so Jack begins to have an aversion to Ralph. Hobbes’ philosophy basically predicted that this would occur. They both wanted a thing, leadership, and one got it, making them both enemies. This enmity that Jack has eventually pushes him to the point of wanting to kill Ralph in order to lead the island without opposition. This craving for murder also demonstrates another philosophical point by Hobbes. Far later in the book, Jack’s relations with Ralph once again clearly display one of Hobbes’ points.In Leviathan, Hobbes writes, â€Å"In all times kings and persons of sovereign authority, because of their indepen dency, are†¦ in the state and posture of gladiators, having their weapons pointing and their eyes fixed on one another† (76). After Jack splits from the tribe in order to make a new one, he immediately sees the other tribe as a threat. He even literally has his weapons pointed at Ralph in one scene specifically, in which the two leaders are dueling. The narrator narrates, â€Å"Jack made a rush and stabbed at Ralph’s chest with spear. Ralph sensed the position of the weapon from the glimpse he caught of Jack’s arm and put the hrust aside with his own butt† (Golding 159). Even though Hobbes may have intended this to be figurative without the actual leaders fighting, but their armies doing their work, this seems to fit the same kind of description. Hobbes really means that kings, or in this case chiefs, are always looking to fight each other, always ready for battle, always looking to rid themselves of their opponents. In the same way, Jack is always lo oking to fight Ralph, always ready for battle against Ralph, always looking to rid himself of Ralph. Golding ultimately connects Jack to Hobbes through Jack’s lack of mercy and justice.An unknown author composed a summary of Hobbes’ argument pertaining to this subject, and wrote â€Å"The state of nature†¦ was founded upon a savage egoism which drove man to seek a maximum of pleasure without hindrance from a norm of justice or mercy toward other men. Every man was continually engaged in war against all other men† (Paragraph 9). Throughout the book, Jack fastidiously tries to not offer mercy or due justice to people. In one instance, Ralph pleads for mercy upon the twins, Sam and Eric. The narrator says, â€Å"’Grab them! ’ No one moved. Jack shouted angrily. I said ‘grab them’! ’ Their spears were taken from them. ‘Tie them up! ’ Ralph cried out hopelessly against the black and green mask. ‘Jack! â€℠¢Ã¢â‚¬  (Golding 161). The key word of this scene is â€Å"hopelessly. † This simple word makes Ralph’s plea seem impossible; henceforth, Jack is not giving mercy at any cost. Jack wants the twins to leave Ralph and join his tribe. This essentially gives him pleasure because he knows that Ralph is hopeless. Whatever plea Ralph makes will not be granted because it will hinder his pleasure. Justice will not be served because it will hinder his pleasure.Mercy will not be served because it will hinder his pleasure. Hobbes directly says that people will not give justice or mercy when it will hinder his own pleasure. For Jack, to offer mercy is to rid himself of pleasure; therefore, he will not give the mercy according to Hobbes’ philosophy. Golding clearly thought of Hobbes’ philosophy when he was contriving Jack. Jack displays almost all of the qualities that a human being should display according to Hobbes. First, his enmity toward Ralph is solely based on a thing that he can’t have, which is what Hobbes predicted would happen.Second, he and Ralph, because they are both opposing leaders, have weapons pointed at each other, symbolizing how opposing leaders always quarrel with each other according to Hobbes. Third, his lack of mercy and justice for those who deserve it is nonexistent because it will hinder his pleasure according to Hobbes. In conclusion, in almost every act that Jack does, he relates back to Hobbes’ philosophy pertaining to human nature. Works Cited â€Å"The Philosophy of Thomas Hobbes. † 1998. The Radical Academy. 15 March 2010. <http://www. radicalacademy. com/philfthomashobbes. htm>.Hobbes, Thomas. Leviathan. The Harvard Classics. 1904-14. ——————————————– [ 1 ]. I used passive voice because the subjects are more important than Jack, who would be doing the action. (This isn’t rhet oric, it’s just and explanation) [ 2 ]. I used epistrophe to emphasize the point that Jack will not do the things that will hinder his pleasure [ 3 ]. I used antithesis here to kind of show a cause and effect. If he was to offer mercy (the cause) then he would accept defeat (effect). It seemed more logical to use antithesis right here than other forms of rhetoric.

Public Relations of Toyota Essays

Public Relations of Toyota Essays Public Relations of Toyota Essay Public Relations of Toyota Essay Public Relations of Toyota Throughout the years Toyota has enjoyed a solid reputation for half a century. Toyota produced quality, durable vehicles that outlasted and outperformed many vehicles. However Toyota has been hit with a lot of scandals and has been misunderstood. Toyota is now taking steps in the right direction to minimize negative situations involving the accelerators on some of its vehicles. Toyota is now reconnecting to their customers and changing the outlook on their views of Toyota as a whole! The public relations professionals are working hard at developing a good, positive relationship between a firm and the public it serves. With investing in great public relations for your business will help your businesses success. Great Public Relations, supporting your business can create and build up the image of successful company. During times of adverse publicity an effective Public Relations professional, can remove the misunderstanding and can create mutual understanding between the business and the public? Toyota strives to assist the communities where we live and work by supporting local organizations focused on the areas of environment, education, and safety to family’s everywhere. In addition, Toyota partners with several regions, in the Northeastern, Midwestern, Southeastern, and Western of the U. S. Toyota is a company based for family and values their customers with great customer service. In almost every city there is a Toyota dealer near to help service every Toyota customer needs. Public Relations play an important role in developing a credible and recognizable brand online and offline for any business and it harnesses the power of third party testimonials in the media. Public Relations, delivers a tremendous return on investments because the articles and stories generated in the media are credible. When a Public Relations program is implemented in conjunction with marketing and advertising programs, a brand can be developed and strengthened over a period of time. A successful brand always comes from customers with their love and support for the company brand. In addition, all of great things that customers think of the company’s brand it what builds the company’s brand image. Toyota Public Relations professionals recognized this when building the brand of their company, since they had their very first fall, with recalls and accelerators on some of its vehicles. Toyota was first founded by Kiichiro Toyoda in 1937 as a spinoff from his fathers company Toyota Industries to create automobiles. The name Toyota is from the founders name (Toyoda) the Toyota symbol represents the T in Toyota. The Toyota symbol is all the letters of Toyota, stylized and overlayed. The two interlocking circles inside the larger circle represent Toyota the company and the customer/consumer and represents their inter-relations and importance to another. The larger circle represents the world and the idea that Toyota and their customers are a part of it. Toyota spent roughly $1 billion on marketing during the fourth quarter of 2009 alone in an attempt to help drive up sales of its vehicles in the U. S. (W. Scott, 2010). Although Toyota has had to shift gears from that proactive push and into a reactive mode more recently, the automaker expects to spend less on advertising in 2010 than it did in 2009. But industry experts say the automaker must remain aggressive if it hopes to grow sales and repair its image (W. Scott, 2010). Toyota is now making steps to rebuild their image, in a great way, the first positive step in what will most likely connect with public relations overhauls that aim to socially re-connect Toyota to their consumers. Toyota’s new technique of brand marketing has given other Public Relations professionals a creative method to follow when creating campaigns for their customers. In addition, In order to keep the publics perception is the publics reality, and the perception is slowly but surely looking great. Hence, it is very crucial for any business to run a public relations campaign, however, the traditional modes of running such a campaign are slowly becoming obsolete. It is extremely important for more and more businesses to update their, public relations campaign for the 21st century. And also, to act immediate with new methodologies and tools, which include blogging and social media sites. In today’s society the Internet allows companies to take on a new benefit that they would not be able to use in the real world without technology. Creating different services online will ensure your company’s brand is stronger than the rest. Online customers can interact with the company’s brand and its identity in a way no other medium can. Social media sites, such as Facebook is a vast opportunity for businesses to promote their brand online to millions of people at once and at no cost. Today, Toyota’s social media strategy is to urge the public to invent ways to use Toyota’s technology in new, innovative ways, ways that will help â€Å"make a better world†. This new strategy will work brilliantly to create millions of consumers and buyers for the company’s brand (Toyota) and keep them interested in what the company has more to offer. Toyota uses social media sites such as Facebook, Twitter and YouTube to create a digital dialogue with its customers. Kimberly Kyaw, Senior Media Strategist, for Toyota Motor Sales, U. S. A. , and Inc. as hired on by Toyota to in 1999, to lead Toyota’s digital media strategy and planning for general and multi-cultural markets (imediaconnection, 2012). Soon after Kyaw, handled escalated customer cases when appropriate, offered goodwill to maintain customer satisfaction loyalty. Developed marketing strategy (objectives, targeting, positioning, messaging, source of sales and key market/consumer insight s) to inform communication creative plan. Analyzed quantitative and qualitative data and identified consumer and market trends to create actionable recommendations for future vehicle enhancements, lifecycle planning pricing. Kyaw, provided the company with the necessary information Toyota now has connections with 500 plus networkers that interacts with social media scene. This will allow customers and employees to interact and suggest ways of improving the company’s services and products. Since the beginning of Toyota’s test run with social media sites they have used such sites to help promote events and initiatives such as â€Å"Try before you buy†. This method is used for many potential customers for Toyota, who are looking into buying new Toyota vehicle. Or perhaps, may be in the market for a new vehicle and want to experience driving without dealing with a sales associate. This is Toyota’s new secret weapon called â€Å"Toyota Rent-A-Car† (TRAC) it gives drivers the opportunity to enjoy a new Toyota or Scion before committing to a purchase or lease. Also, being dealer-based means that you can purchase a TRAC vehicle if your weekend romance with a Toyota or Scion rental turns into a long lasting love affair! This new marketing method for Toyota has been a success and contributed millions to the company. This has also been the most engaging factor on Travelocity, with advertisement in the last year. Toyota, also used social media to promote their Toyota Pro Celebrity Race, it has brought together a star-studded field of Hollywood’s elite to race for charity. The race is brought on by many stars from film, television, music, sports and fashion that will showcase their newly earned racing chops in identically prepared, race-ready Scion TCs on the historic 10-lap, 1. 97-mile street circuit through the downtown streets of Long Beach in Southern California. On behalf of each celebrity racer, Toyota donates $5,000 to racing for Kids every year and another $5,000 to the winning racer’s charity of choice. Racing for Kids, a national nonprofit program benefiting children’s hospitals throughout the country, (in this case, Miller Children’s Hospital in Long Beach and Children’s Hospital in Orange County, Calif. ), was created as a way to connect sick children with their favorite celebrities and race-car drivers. Toyota has donated more than $1. 9 million to various children’s hospitals since 1991, on behalf of this race and its participants (ELB, 2011). Just like any business there are ups and downfalls, and Toyota has seen their fair share of both. In 2009, Toyota came under attack by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration that established 3. 8 million of its vehicles of having an unintended acceleration defect. This was led to a tragic accident with a California family who was an owner of a Lexus a (Toyota vehicle) losing four people in the car due to the floor mat, being on the accelerator. Although, the federal agency said it was still investigating the exact cause of the acceleration problem, this still left Toyota owners concerned and terrified. This was brought to the media on a silver platter, with the news, and dealerships everywhere. Toyota released a letter, with apology and tried to correct the problem but mistakenly made matters worse. The letter was misleading and didn’t sound sincere nor did it correct the problem it clearly stated that there was no major problem with the Toyota vehicles. This almost destroyed Toyota makers as a whole! However, Toyota took action and right away got great public relations personnel, and they started monitoring their campaign sites often with updates daily. Toyota corrected the problem with the media and consumers by providing the customer with newer and better quality vehicles. They are slowly but surely rebuilding the trust of their loyal customers and regaining them back. They have made a remedy to the situation with providing safer vehicles. Toyota’s Public relations personnel addressed consumers concerns and followed up with action. As a public relations professional in the 21st century, it’s important to constantly reach out to the public, not only to enhance your company’s appearance, but to do on to he customers in a good as well. Even though Toyota will undoubtedly be under the magnifying glass for their latest recall, having a public relations professional can be an excellent card to pull when having a downfall. The Nonprofit and for-profit businesses have multiple similarities and difference. The different marketing concepts contribute to the differing factor being the purpose of for-profit marketing is t o encourage customers to buy, while the purpose of nonprofit marketing is to encourage people to give as a charity. Investment returns may vary between the two, although the principles of marketing still remain the same, however some of the methods must be different. In that being said, the main purpose of marketing for-profit businesses is to inform potential customers in your target market to let them know about your product or service and how it can benefit them, with a goal of selling it in exchange for money. The business keeps the money, and the customer enjoys the product or service that they had purchased. However, for profit marketing focuses on developing new markets and ideas, for existing products or identifying markets for new product lines ahead. Then so, as non-profit business markets the work it does. Building customer awareness is the main factor of the marketing industry. The customer gives money to the organization in exchange for the opportunity to contribute towards its humanitarian work and good deed. For profit marketing, focuses on keeping the funds, while the individual retains their knowledge from the organization. Meanwhile, the organization uses the money to make a difference in society and to its organization as well. For-profit business can market using a variety of methods, such as marketing mix, target market identification, position, branding, and public relations and advertising. The not for profits organizations use the majority of these methods; for instance, the non-profit will conduct market analysis to identify potential donors and sponsors. Nonprofits organizations are tax exempt. Most of them are supported by their members of the organizations who take pride in the organization. Nonprofit organizations have members who contribute to the organization. They also have donations and grants that help support their organization which makes them different from a for profit business. A nonprofit organization maintains its great reputation by helping others and giving back to the public. The difference between the marketing of the two types of businesses is the fulfillment of the customer need. Unlike the for-profit makes a profit on the sales from the customer’s purchases. Meanwhile the goal of the for-profit marketing customer has a need of their own that they want to fulfill by making purchasing to their business of choice and getting great customer service in return. There are many nonprofits businesses that do conduct retail sales of promotional items to help raise funds, but this is not their primary product or service, this is just a short term offer to make customers feel good about their purchasing by also contributing to a good cause. In today’s society building and promoting a company’s brand takes a lot of effort and hard work. There are many different methods that public relations professionals can take a hold of when rebuilding a company’s brand or even making it better than before. The changes in the 21st century have made it easy for non-profit and for-profit businesses to communicate to the media. Great Public Relations professionals know how to conduct business in a professional way with the media and still uphold the company by supporting their image. Public relations professionals will and always further enhance the likelihood through its own growth and development and will produce more success towards businesses. By Public relations professionals having a prompt respond to the media can help the businesses image and withhold their loyal consumers. Great Public Relations professional always has a plan and they direct the development and communication of informational programs to maintain favorable public and stockholder perceptions of an organizations accomplishments and agenda. Indeed, a great public relations professional is great to have on your side when coming into a downfall with a company and needing help with a spokesperson. All in all Public relation personals contribute success to many company’s and organizations.

Disadvantages of Teamwork in a Business Essay Example

Disadvantages of Teamwork in a Business Essay Example Disadvantages of Teamwork in a Business Paper Disadvantages of Teamwork in a Business Paper Sometimes, for some people the workplace in teamwork is a bad place to be. In order to work with other people and be as efficient as you can, you should try to accept all the features and whims that the others may have. Furthermore, working with other people for achieving the same goal, requires being a lot patient and sometimes tolerant along the way. Every person has their own personality, character and of course influenced by their culture, religion and values. Therefore, it’s normal in working teams that opinion between employees to vary, but in some cases people become very aggressive on the others because they believe that their thought is the correct one. In addition, they may do not want to hear anything else about a specific topic and have difficulty accepting ideas that may differ from their own, this will result as an unnecessary disruption which may leads to breakdowns in working relationships. Also, an equivalent attitude by two or more team members may lead a team member to go against his/her better judgment in order to escape the wrath of others or to facilitate the completion of the project. Furthermore, there are some projects which have a time limit and a deadline. According to the ‘enterprenier. com’ a team sometimes needs more time to produce a desire result. Generally, teams typically need to go through a variety of processes, such as member selection, organisation and socialization in order to complete the task at hand. Therefore, teams need to work hard enough to finish the project efficiently and on time in order to get a satisfactory result. mindtools. com/pages/article/newTMM_84. htm http://smallbusiness. chron. com/disadvantages-teamwork-workplace-1937. html

In relation to the standard of care in Negligence actions, the Essay

In relation to the standard of care in Negligence actions, the characteristics of the defendant are never taken into account. Examine this statement, supporting your answer with authorities - Essay Example Tort is pertaining to the act of breaching a non-contractual civil duty that is commonly owed to the public2. In general, the nature of torts can either be intentional or unintentional. Under intentional torts, defendants are being accused of purposely hurting another person (i.e. slander, libel, assault cases, etc.). On the other hand, unintentional torts include negligence which For example, healthcare ethics and law is an essential part of the daily medical practices of health care professionals. Specifically the study of healthcare ethics focuses on the evaluation of merits, risks, and other social concerns with regards to the activities provided by the healthcare professionals to the patients. In relation to medical practices, the code of ethics and the legal implications of healthcare profession must be followed carefully to ensure that the best medical practices will be rendered to the patients4. The study of health ethics and law has laid its foundation on the respect for Human Rights. Under the law of obligation, healthcare professionals are obliged to give respect to the patients’ autonomy particularly when it comes to decision-making for their own treatment as well as being informed with the matters related to the process of their treatment5. Likewise, health care professionals should also observe the practice of non-maleficence, beneficence, and justice6. Aside from doing only good actions that will further improve the welfare of the patients, healthcare professionals are required not to injure the patients in any way. By being fair to all, healthcare professionals can avoid being liable for any future legal claims. For example, in violation to the healthcare ethics, members of the healthcare professionals may end up unconsciously or unintentionally harming the patients. In the process wherein the healthcare professionals are found guilty of harming the patients,

Diplomacy Gameplay Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Diplomacy Gameplay - Article Example eos, Cineplexes, and TV ads, where pluralistic worlds and multiple realisms are captured to the furthest in digital mocks and metaphors (Potter 2002, pg. 34). Young people today are fully relaxed with the initiative of such created worlds, produced veracities, and de-centered selves, since their relative experience is mostly through the de-centered, hyper-real surroundings of digital computer systems. Diplomacy is a seven-player board game that is derived from the great efforts of the major European influences during World War I. The nations play in this game are: England, France, Germany, Russia, Italy, Austria-Hungary, and Turkey (Jonathan et al. 2004, pg. 44). Game Board: The board contains seventy-three bordering regions and every player begins with pieces in lieu of armed forces units in their native lands. Thirty-five of the seventy provinces on the board are described as â€Å"supply countries†. The objective of the game is to manage eighteen of the thirty-five supply hubs. A player will then have lots of pieces on the board as he/she possesses supply centers. Pieces: They are signified as one of two major types of armed forces units: militias and fleets. Fleets are permitted to go across bodies of water and coastline regions, at the same time as armed forces can shift onto any neighboring region. Both of these units have equivalent power in the game. Actions and Orders: On every spring or fall turn, a piece can be controlled to carry out the following actions: move, hold or support. A move order will transport a piece from one province to an adjacent province. A hold order will keep the piece in it current location. A support order will help another piece that is moving from one region to another beside the piece carrying out the support order. This aid allows the moving piece to occupy a region during circumstances of conflict. GamePlay: A head-to-head â€Å"game of Diplomacy† engages a talk time during each twist of about thirty minutes where players